Do we practice what we preach? Implementation of cardiovascular prevention strategies in 13 European countries between 2011 and 2021 : a statement of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology of the ESC

Abstract

The importance of preventive measures and strategies to reduce the burden of cardiovascular risk factors is increasingly recognized, as it impacts upon the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Comprehensive guidelines address this important aspect. Yet, measures described in guidelines need to be implemented in order to be effective. In 2011, a structured report assessed the implementation of the 4th Joint Task Force鈥檚 鈥楪uidelines on Cardiovascular Disease鈥� in 13 European countries (Table 1).

We analysed adherence and effects of CVD prevention strategies and measures implemented until 2021. For each of the 13 countries, we addressed:

鈥� guideline implementation strategies, policies, and health system related issues, and

鈥� prevalence of CVD risk factors (Table 1).